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[xgx]

Dear STKO team
When I try to model masonry by equivalent frame approaches, the following error occurred while running my model. Can you tell me how to fix it?

[kesavapraba]

Hi, Can you please share a minimal model that shows this issue? We will look into that error.

[xgx]

Hi, Can you please share a minimal model that shows this issue? We will look into that error.

Yes, of course. you can download the model in attachments.

[xgx]

Hi, Can you please share a minimal model that shows this issue? We will look into that error.

Dear STKO team, I find I defined wrong parameters for pinching4 material. The model can run normally after inputting right parameters. But the hysteretic curve as following picture is still wrong.

[kesavapraba]

Hi, there seems to be some issues with spandrel connectivity with the rest of the elements - Spandrel deforms a lot even before starting cyclic loading as seen in the attached figure below. Can you recheck how you discretized the wall and connection between piers and spandrels?

I would also suggest you performing a monotonic loading first with elastic properties of the materials and subsequently progress to cyclic loading with inelastic material properties if displacement pattern is found appropriate.

[xgx]

Hi, there seems to be some issues with spandrel connectivity with the rest of the elements - Spandrel deforms a lot even before starting cyclic loading as seen in the attached figure below. Can you recheck how you discretized the wall and connection between piers and spandrels?

I would also suggest you performing a monotonic loading first with elastic properties of the materials and subsequently progress to cyclic loading with inelastic material properties if displacement pattern is found appropriate.

Dear kesavapraba , thank you for your advice. I will try to do as your advice. Can you tell me the references for the equivalent framework method you used? I don't know if the references I referenced are consistent with yours.
best wishes
xgx

[kesavapraba]

Hi, You might be interested in the following articles. However, please ensure using appropriate material models for capturing the shear responses of piers.

Quagliarini, E., G. Maracchini, and F. Clementi. "Uses and limits of the Equivalent Frame Model on existing unreinforced masonry buildings for assessing their seismic risk: A review." Journal of Building Engineering 10 (2017): 166-182.

Morandini, Chiara, Daniele Malomo, and Andrea Penna. "Equivalent frame discretisation for URM façades with irregular opening layouts." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 20, no. 5 (2022): 2589-2618.

Manzini, Carlo Filippo, Paolo Morandi, and Guido Magenes. "SAM-II: development and validation of an EF-based program for seismic pushover analysis of masonry buildings." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (2023): 1-49.

[xgx]

Hi, You might be interested in the following articles. However, please ensure using appropriate material models for capturing the shear responses of piers.

Quagliarini, E., G. Maracchini, and F. Clementi. "Uses and limits of the Equivalent Frame Model on existing unreinforced masonry buildings for assessing their seismic risk: A review." Journal of Building Engineering 10 (2017): 166-182.

Morandini, Chiara, Daniele Malomo, and Andrea Penna. "Equivalent frame discretisation for URM façades with irregular opening layouts." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 20, no. 5 (2022): 2589-2618.

Manzini, Carlo Filippo, Paolo Morandi, and Guido Magenes. "SAM-II: development and validation of an EF-based program for seismic pushover analysis of masonry buildings." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (2023): 1-49.

Thank you very much, your advice helps me a lot.

[xgx]

Hi, You might be interested in the following articles. However, please ensure using appropriate material models for capturing the shear responses of piers.

Quagliarini, E., G. Maracchini, and F. Clementi. "Uses and limits of the Equivalent Frame Model on existing unreinforced masonry buildings for assessing their seismic risk: A review." Journal of Building Engineering 10 (2017): 166-182.

Morandini, Chiara, Daniele Malomo, and Andrea Penna. "Equivalent frame discretisation for URM façades with irregular opening layouts." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 20, no. 5 (2022): 2589-2618.

Manzini, Carlo Filippo, Paolo Morandi, and Guido Magenes. "SAM-II: development and validation of an EF-based program for seismic pushover analysis of masonry buildings." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (2023): 1-49.

Thank you very much, your advice helps me a lot.

Dear kesavapraba, in fact, there is a problem that troubles me. If there are lintels or slab below the spandrel as the following picture, then how to define the parameters of shear spring for modelling the shear behavior of spandrel.

[xgx]

Hi, You might be interested in the following articles. However, please ensure using appropriate material models for capturing the shear responses of piers.

Quagliarini, E., G. Maracchini, and F. Clementi. "Uses and limits of the Equivalent Frame Model on existing unreinforced masonry buildings for assessing their seismic risk: A review." Journal of Building Engineering 10 (2017): 166-182.

Morandini, Chiara, Daniele Malomo, and Andrea Penna. "Equivalent frame discretisation for URM façades with irregular opening layouts." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 20, no. 5 (2022): 2589-2618.

Manzini, Carlo Filippo, Paolo Morandi, and Guido Magenes. "SAM-II: development and validation of an EF-based program for seismic pushover analysis of masonry buildings." Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (2023): 1-49.

Thank you very much, your advice helps me a lot.

Dear kesavapraba, in fact, there is a problem that troubles me. If there are lintels or slab below the spandrel as the following picture, then how to define the parameters of shear spring for modelling the shear behavior of spandrel.

Dear kesavapraba, thank you very much. After reading the literature you told me, I realized that I had made some mistakes. Now I know how to fix them, thanks for your help.
Best wishes
xgx